Re: Anonymity
Bitcointalk · 2010-07-08 19:12:00 UTC
很难想象互联网会被分割得密不透风。那得是一个国家故意把自己和全世界彻底隔绝。
任何能同时接触到两边的节点都会自动把区块链传过去，比如有人用拨号调制解调器或卫星电话绕过封锁。只需要一个节点就能做到。任何想继续做生意的人都会有这个动力。
如果网络被分割后又重新合并，较短分叉中那些不在较长分叉中的交易会被重新释放到交易池中，重新有资格进入未来的区块。它们的确认数会重新计算。
如果有人利用分割进行双重支付，也就是在两边花同一笔钱，那么较短分叉中的双重支付就会失败，变成 0/未确认，并且一直保持这样。
要利用分割来双重支付并不容易。如果从一边完全无法和另一边通信，你怎么把花费放在两边？如果有办法做到，那么别人很可能也在用这个办法把区块链传过去。
你通常会知道自己在较小的那一边。比如，如果你的国家把自己和世界隔绝，那么世界其他地方就是较大的那一边。如果你处在较小的一边，你应该假定什么都没被确认。
英文原文
It's hard to imagine the Internet getting segmented airtight. It would have to be a country deliberately and totally cutting itself off from the rest of the world.
Any node with access to both sides would automatically flow the block chain over, such as someone getting around the blockade with a dial-up modem or sat-phone. It would only take one node to do it. Anyone who wants to keep doing business would be motivated.
If the network is segmented and then recombines, any transactions in the shorter fork that were not also in the longer fork are released into the transaction pool again and are eligible to get into future blocks. Their number of confirmations would start over.
If anyone took advantage of the segmentation to double-spend, such that there are different spends of the same money on each side, then the double-spends in the shorter fork lose out and go to 0/unconfirmed and stay that way.
It wouldn't be easy to take advantage of the segmentation to double-spend. If it's impossible to communicate from one side to the other, how are you going to put a spend on each side? If there is a way, then probably someone else is also using it to flow the block chain over.
You would usually know whether you're in the smaller segment. For example, if your country cuts itself off from the rest of the world, the rest of the world is the larger segment. If you're in the smaller segment, you should assume nothing is confirmed.